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This comprehensive reference work presents an in-depth analysis on the juvenile justice systems of 19 different countries, both in EU-member states (old and new) and in the United States and Canada. The book is the result of research conducted by a group of outstanding scholars working in the field of juvenile justice. The book reflects a collective concern about trends in juvenile justice over the past two decades; trends that have begun to blur the difference between criminal and juvenile justice. The introduction highlights similarities and differences between the various systems, identifying three clusters of countries with a similar approach to juvenile justice. In particular, differences are found between the Anglo-Saxon countries, and continental Europe. The former have a more formal "justice" approach, with a strong emphasis on the accountability of juveniles, "just desert" principles, and retribution, while the latter still operate on a "welfare" philosophy. Two special systems, the Scottish Hearing system and the Scandinavian model, are presented as well.

Criminology. Victimology --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- strafrecht --- criminologie --- internationaal recht

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Responsibility and Punishment, Third Edition presents a clear-headed defense of retributivism against several long-standing criticisms. In the end, a viable version of retributivism emerges as one which withstands more criticism than competing theories of responsibility and punishment. Extending the problem of wrong doing to collectives and compensation, Corlett explores the matter of reparations for past wrongs in the case of the crimes committed against Native Americans by the United States Government. No other philosophical work on responsibility and punishment exhibits this breadth of scope, as it delves deeply into particular concerns with retributivism, responsibility, and certain areas of compensation. Academicians and professionals in ethics, moral, social, political, and legal philosophy are likely to benefit from this analytical treatment of responsibility and punishment. "In the Third Edition of Responsibility and Punishment, Angelo Corlett has made an outstanding book even better! Corlett's book is distinctive in the way it blends abstract theory with concrete application in a sophisticated way. There is work just on theory, and primarily applied work; but Corlett manages to meld the two in a unique and highly successful way. Highly recommended!" John Martin Fischer, author of "The Metaphysics of Free Will" and "Responsibility and Control". "This provocative and highly insightful piece of work constitutes a novel, significant, and welcome contribution to the literature on the moral justification of punishment. Corlett's development of an original version of retributivism, with special emphasis on principles of proportional punishment, is particularly engaging." Ishtiyaque Haji, author of "Deontic Morality" and "Moral Appraisability". J. Angelo Corlett is Professor of Philosophy & Ethics at San Diego State University, and author of over 75 articles in various leading philosophy and other academic journals, including the books: Analyzing Social Knowledge (Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 1996); Terrorism: A Philosophical Analysis (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003), Philosophical Studies Series, Volume 101; Race, Racism, and Reparations (Cornell University Press, 2003). He also serves as the Editor-in -Chief of The Journal of Ethics: An International Philosophical Review (Springer), and is the editor of and contributor to Equality and Liberty: Analyzing Rawls and Nozick (Macmillan, 1990).

ethiek --- Criminology. Victimology --- filosofie --- Metaphysics --- General ethics --- metafysica --- criminologie --- metaphysics --- Philosophy --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure

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1 In his separate opinion in the Nuclear Weapons case, Judge Mohammed Bed- oui, then the President of the International Court of Justice, called nuclear we- ons the absolute evil.  There are a few other things which merit being called - solutely evil. They are the predicates of the International Criminal Court and of various domestic laws patterned on the Rome Statute: war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, and aggression. A conference organized by the Berlin-based Republikanischer Anwältinnen- und Anwälteverein (Republican Lawyers As- ciation) and the New York-based Center for Constitutional Rights was held in Berlin in June 2005 under the title Globalverfassung versus Realpolitik (Global Constitution versus Realpolitik). It dealt with the tension between these univ- sally accepted norms and the actual practice of governments in an age charact- ized by the ill-defined concept of the war on terror.  This book is the outcome of that conference. It is intended for a wide variety of readers: academics, all kinds of jurists, as well as human rights activists, who sometimes know more about the applicable law than the legal experts. It owes its existence to a paradox: On the one hand, new structures for dealing with the most serious international crimes are being put into place.

European law --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- strafrecht --- Europees recht --- internationaal recht

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The fusion between virtuality and reality has created a new quality of experience establishing metaverses and virtual worlds. Second Life, Twinity, Entropia Universe or Fregger have experienced rapid growth in recent years and show no signs of slowing down. Not only have countless companies discovered these virtureal worlds  as marketplaces, but so have fraudsters and other criminals. In this book, European experts from different academic disciplines show how to meet the new challenges arising from virtual worlds. They discuss the reasons for and the impacts of these new forms of criminality as well as the necessity and means of combating them. Moreover, other fundamental issues are examined, such as the addictive potential of virtual-world use, media violence, and conflict resolution problems arising in the context of virtual worlds.

Cognitive psychology --- Criminology. Victimology --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- strafrecht --- cognitieve psychologie --- criminologie

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This book deals with the adoption of counterterrorism measures in the Netherlands and the United States which facilitate criminal investigations with a preventive focus (anticipative criminal investigations). These anticipative criminal investigations are assessed from the perspective of rule of law principles. Anticipative criminal investigations have emerged in the legal systems of the Netherlands and the United States as a consequence of counterterrorism approaches that combine the objective of the prevention of terrorism with the objective of eventually prosecuting and punishing terrorists. Because of the attribution of a preventive function to criminal investigations, the role of the criminal justice system in providing security has been repositioned. With respect to this new preventive function of criminal justice, the author identifies the rule of law principles that limit the role of criminal investigation in preventing terrorism. She identifies the possibilities and limits of criminal investigation in general and discusses the cooperation and the division of responsibilities between law enforcement and intelligence. These issues are addressed in a manner which transcends differences between national legal systems. This book is of great interest for academics and practitioners engaged in criminal investigations, counterterrorism and terrorism prevention and the rule of law in general.   Dr. Marianne F.H. Hirsch Ballin is presently working as an attorney at Pels Rijcken & Droogleever Fortuijn, The Hague, the Netherlands. The research for the present book was conducted at the Willem Pompe Institute for Criminal Law and Criminology, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.

International law --- Human rights --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- Law --- mensenrechten --- strafrecht --- recht --- internationaal recht --- Netherlands